Everything: Solved
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Archived from the IMDb Discussion Forums — Science
Laniakea — 4 months ago(November 27, 2025 11:50 AM)
It's all gravity. Light is gravity. Particles are gravity. We're all gravity. And gravity is connections.
At the horizon, where space expands faster than light, the connections break because nothing can travel faster than the speed of light, including gravity.
This means the universal tension that slows down the expanding universe is lost. Eventually this would lead to coasting.
But the gravity doesn't disappear. It can't reach out further so it snaps back. The tension is put back into its observable universe.
This is what causes what we call both dark energy and dark matter. Neither are actually real, but their effects are.
"Dark energy" is the loss of gravitational bonds at the horizon and "dark matter" is just normal matter no longer feeling the same tension coming from the horizon. So then it starts to feel more from its surroundings.
The history of the universe
-The universe begins, probably entirely connected, but rapid expansion breaks a large portion of these connections.
-Matter at this time would see an immense amount of dark matter effects.The universe rapidly decelerates and many of these connections are reformed, causing the "dark matter" content to drop
-By the time of the CMB (the furthest back we can see), we measure 30% dark matter content.
-As the universe continues to decelerate, more connections are made and dark matters effects continue to decrease.
-But despite this deceleration the universe is still expanding, and eventually connected points will now undergo another disconnection.
-This disconnection causes deceleration to slow down and the dark matter effects to increase
-Eventually acceleration can begin as more and more gravitational bonds are severed and the gravity snaps back inwards
Explains:What dark energy is - causal disconnection
-What dark matter is - gravity redistribution
-MOND - it's the effects of the horizon
-The cosmological constant problem - dark energy isn't a particleWhy the earliest galaxies we can see show lower amounts of dark matter than predicted
What the Hubble tension is - a measure of the loss of gravitational attraction
-The coincidence of dark matter, dark energy, and ordinary matter - it's all connected
-Why the universe expansion changes, acceleration started late, began at all
-The growing evidence of anisotropic space
-And much much more. Like light. Quantum mechanics. Hoverboards. Etc.
Implications:
-Reality may be one dimensional, 3D is an illusion
-Particles are essentially LaGrange points in space
-Electromagnetism could just be gravitational changes propagating in the network
Dark matter:
Matter inside a galaxy feels an inward pull of the mass within the galaxy, and an outward pull of all mass outside of the galaxy. Remove that outward pull through causal disconnection and you get a net increase in gravitational attraction toward the center of its galaxy, which increases rotational velocity.
But not all matter inside a galaxy is affected equally. Matter closer to the center is dominated by the large inner mass which results in the effects of the outward loss of gravitational pull to be negligible. It's the matter toward the edges that is most affected. It turns out the percentage is a constant across all galaxies and it is the same percentage of gravitational loss needed to explain the Hubble tension. [update: very similar number but pure coincidence]
If we want to know how much "gravitational braking power" the universe seems to have lost to allow it to speed up from 67.4 to 73.0, we look at the ratio of their squares.
(67.4/73.0)
2
= (0.9232)
2
≈ 0.852
85% remains, 15% lost
Plug that number into a simple formula and you get perfect curves.
(The dashed lines are what normal general relativity predicts)
Here's the math:
The Mathematical Framework of Causal Disconnection Gravity
This theory proposes that the phenomena of "Dark Matter" and "Dark Energy" are emergent properties of gravity itself, governed by a single physical principle: the conservation of a finite "connection budget" in a causally disconnected, expanding universe. No new particles or fields are required.- Physical Idea (The "Snap-Back")
All mass is interconnected by a gravitational network. This network has a finite, conserved "connection budget."
The expansion of the universe creates a causal horizon. Connections to matter beyond this horizon are severed.
Globally, this loss of long-range connection reduces the universe's overall gravitational "drag," causing expansion to appear accelerated (the "Dark Energy" effect).
Locally, the budget from the severed connections "snaps back" and reinforces the remaining bonds within a gravitationally bound system (like a galaxy). This creates an "extra" gravitational pull (the "Dark Matter" effect). - The Universal "Cosmic Noise Floor" (a₀)
The trigger for the snap-back is not arbitrary. It is a universal acceleration scale, a₀, representing the "noise floor" of the expanding cosmos. We derive its value from cosmology:
The Hubbl
- Physical Idea (The "Snap-Back")
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Laniakea — 4 months ago(November 29, 2025 10:04 AM)
What MOND is:
Of course. Here is a rewritten version of the analysis, framed as a neutral, third-person description of a novel physical hypothesis. This version is suitable for sharing with others who are unfamiliar with the idea.
Explaining MOND: The Network Tension Hypothesis
The following document outlines a novel physical framework that seeks to provide a physical origin for Modified Newtonian Dynamics (MOND). It reinterprets MOND's mathematical formalism not as a fundamental modification of gravity, but as the emergent behavior of a cosmic gravitational network with a fixed "tension budget."
The analysis first reviews the core principles of MOND and then translates them into the language of this new "Network Tension Model."- The Core MOND Equation
In its simplest form, MOND modifies the relationship between the actual gravitational acceleration g and the standard Newtonian acceleration g_N:
μ(g/a₀) g = g_N
Where:
g_N = (GM_b/r²) is the Newtonian field calculated from baryonic (normal) matter only.
g is the actual gravitational acceleration inferred from dynamics (e.g., stellar orbits).
a₀ is the MOND acceleration constant (~1.2 x 10⁻¹⁰ m/s²).
μ(x) is an "interpolation function" with two key behaviors:
μ(x) ≈ 1 when x ≫ 1 (high accelerations → Newtonian regime).
μ(x) ≈ x when x ≪ 1 (low accelerations → deep MOND regime).
High-Acceleration Regime (e.g., Solar System, inner galaxy)
If g ≫ a₀, then μ(g/a₀) ≈ 1, and the equation becomes g ≈ g_N. Gravity behaves as predicted by Newton.
Deep MOND Regime (e.g., outer galaxy)
If g ≪ a₀, then μ(g/a₀) ≈ g/a₀. The equation becomes:
(g/a₀) g ≈ g_N
⇒ g² / a₀ ≈ g_N
⇒ g ≈ √(a₀ * g_N)
This deep-MOND scaling law famously leads to flat galaxy rotation curves and the Baryonic Tully-Fisher Relation (M_b ∝ v⁴) without the need for dark matter halos. In standard MOND, a₀ is considered a new fundamental constant of nature. - The Network Tension Hypothesis
This new framework, hereafter the "Network Tension Model," is built on three core postulates:
Fixed Global Tension Budget: The universe possesses a fixed, finite amount of total gravitational "tension" distributed across a causal network of nodes (representing matter).
Tension Dilution and "Snap-Back": The tension on any given link in the network depends on the local connectivity. In dense regions with many nodes, tension is diluted. In sparse regions, the network "snaps back," strengthening the tension on remaining links to conserve the global total.
Primordial Disconnection Event: In the early universe, a cosmological event severed a majority (~84%) of the network's links. The remaining ~16% of matter forms a single, interconnected domain with a permanently fixed tension budget. - How the Network Model Explains MOND's Behavior
The Network Tension Model proposes that MOND is not a new law of physics but the geometric consequence of these postulates.
3.1 Inner Region: Newtonian Regime (High Local Connectivity)
In the dense inner regions of a galaxy, the network is "crowded." Local connectivity, Z(r), is at its maximum. The model posits that in this state, tension is spread evenly, and there is no "snap-back." The effective gravity is simply the Newtonian field from baryons. This matches MOND’s high-acceleration regime where μ(x) ≈ 1.
3.2 Outer Region: Deep MOND Regime (Low Connectivity)
In the sparse outskirts of a galaxy, the baryon density and local connectivity Z(r) drop significantly. According to the model, the network compensates for this "leakage" of connections by snapping back tension onto the remaining links. This results in a gravitational "boost."
The model proposes a boost factor, B(r), which grows as local connectivity Z(r) decreases. The effective acceleration becomes:
g(r) = √[B(r)] * g_N(r)
The central claim is that the geometry of this network naturally causes the boost factor to scale in a specific way. In the sparse, outer regions, the geometry dictates that:
B(r) ∝ a₀ / g_N(r)
Substituting this into the effective acceleration equation yields:
g(r) ∝ √[a₀ / g_N] * g_N
g(r) ∝ √(a₀ * g_N)
This is precisely the deep-MOND formula. - The Physical Origin of a₀ in the Network Model
In standard MOND, a₀ is an empirical constant. The Network Tension model, however, proposes that a₀ is a derived quantity determined by the universe's history and structure.
It is set by the primordial "snap" event. The total tension of the remaining 16% connected matter, spread over the scale of the cosmic horizon, defines a characteristic "ambient floor" acceleration.
This value, a₀, is therefore the global per-link tension scale of the cosmic gravity web.
Its numerical value is not tuned to fit galaxies; it is calculated from the model's cosmological parameters (e.g., the 16% connected fraction and the horizon size in a coasting geometry). - The MOND Interpolation Function as an Emergent Property
The Network Model does not begin with the μ(x) function. Instead, it starts with a physical mechanism: a network geometry Z(r) dete
- The Core MOND Equation
Schrodinger's Cat walks into a bar, and doesn't. 